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Doyil T. Vengayil ¹, Jyoti Singh ², Ashwarya Luxmi Singh ³, V. K. Das ³, P. B. Singh ⁴

Affiliations
1 Department of Science and Technology, New Delhi-110016, IN
2 Department of Science and Technology, T. D. College, Jaunpur-222 002, IN
3 Department of Science and Technology, KNIPSS, Sultanpur-228 002, IN
4 Department of Science and Technology, Ganpat Sahai Postgraduate College, Sultanpur-228001, IN

Abstract

The aim of the present investigation was to monitor the levels of bioaccumulation of carbamates (Carbofuran, Carbaryl and Aldicarb) and pyrethroid insecticides (Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin) in liver, brain and ovary of captured catfish Bagarius bagarius from unpolluted ponds of Gujartal, Jaunpur (reference site) and polluted river Gomti, Jaunpur during pre-monsoon or breeding phase. The carbamates were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and the pyrethroids by gas liquid chromatography (GLC). Results indicated that catfish B. bagarius captured from river Gomti have higher bioaccumulation of insecticides when compared to those from the reference site reflecting the degree of pesticide pollution present in those water bodies. The bioaccumulation of Carbofuran, Carbaryl and Aldicarb were significantly higher in the brain, liver and ovary in polluted fish as compared to the conspecific species captured from reference site. Likewise, the bioaccumulation of Cypermethrin and Deltamethrin was also higher in the studied tissues when compared with fish of same species captured from the reference site. Results indicated that the bioaccumulation of these insecticides cause metabolic disorder as well as affect the reproductive physiology of this species.

Keywords

Carbamates, Pyrethroids, Tissue, Bioaccumulation, Fish.

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S. K. Nigam ¹, Jyoti Singh ², Ashwarya Luxmi Singh ¹, V. K. Das ³, P. B. Singh ¹

Affiliations
1 Ganpat Sahai Postgraduate College, Sultanpur-228001, IN
2 T. D. College, Jaunpur-222 002, IN
3 KNIPSS, Sultanpur-228 002, IN

Abstract

The present investigation was performed to monitor the HCHs (HCH isomers), DDTs (DDT and its metabolites), chlorpyrifos, plasma levels of estradiol-17β (E2) and gonadosomatic index (GSI) between the sampling sites of the non-polluted ponds of Gujartal, Jaunpur (reference site) and the polluted river Gomti (Jaunpur), affecting the reproductive physiology of some edible female catfish during pre-monsoon season. The HCHs, DDTs and chlorpyrifos were measured by gas liquid chromatography (GLC) and hormone by Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The results indicated that the presence of HCHs, DDTs and chlorpyrifos was very high in the catfish captured from polluted river as compared from the conspecific fish captured from reference site. The GSI and E2 declined in female catfish of polluted site when compared to same species from reference site. Results have also indicated that catfish contained high bioaccumulation of HCHs, DDTs and chlorpyrifos which was beyond permissible limit as compared to the female catfish of the reference site. In conclusion, the fishes of river Gomti were highly polluted when compared with the fish of reference site as was evident from high levels of tissue bioaccumulation of HCHs, DDTs, chlorpyrifos and decreased levels of plasma E2 inhibiting the reproductive physiology of these species at receptor level. However, the levels exceeded maximum residue limits (MRL) as recommended by Codex, hence it is suggested that the fish containing pesticide residues beyond permissible limit should be avoided for the food purposes.

Keywords

Catfish, Estradiol-17β, HCHs, DDTs, Chlorpyrifos Bioaccumulation, Reproduction, Steroidogenesis, River Pollution.

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